The re-election of Donald Trump as US President brings the prospect of a renewed wave of global trade protectionism, the impact of which can be tracked in near real-time by a variety of economic indicators.

The President-elect has proposed universal tariffs of 10-20% on US imports, as well as 60% tariffs on goods from mainland China, all of which are much larger than during the previous tariff wave from the 2017-2020 presidency which resulted in the US-China trade conflict of 2018/19.

Leading economic indicators will be vital to understand how businesses and economies, are being impacted by protectionist policies. Read the full research to know the best PMI survey-based indicators to watch with a proven track record of helping monitor the impact of trade conflicts in near real-time.